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Use up/down arrows to compare Q, Q_n, and Q_s.

(1) 700 hPa Z (solid contours every 3 dam), T (green dashed contours every 3^oC), Q (arrows in x10^-7 Pa m^-1 s^-1), and Total RHS (neglecting the Beta term) of QG Omega equation (shaded in x10^-12 Pa m^-2 s^-1) (Q-vector form).
(2) 700 hPa Z (solid contours every 3 dam), T (green dashed contours every 3^oC), Q_n (arrows in x10^-7 Pa m^-1 s^-1), and Total RHS (neglecting the Beta term) of QG Omega equation (shaded in x10^-12 Pa m^-2 s^-1) (Q_n-vector form).
(3) 700 hPa Z (solid contours every 3 dam), T (green dashed contours every 3^oC), Q_s (arrows in x10^-7 Pa m^-1 s^-1), and Total RHS (neglecting the Beta term) of QG Omega equation (shaded in x10^-12 Pa m^-2 s^-1) (Q_s-vector form).
NCEP GFS analyses and forecasts on 1x1 latitude-longitude grid are smoothed with a 9-point local smoother run 30 times.